{"id":1493,"date":"2025-05-26T10:30:41","date_gmt":"2025-05-26T10:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/urolistic.com\/?p=1493"},"modified":"2025-05-27T08:04:26","modified_gmt":"2025-05-27T08:04:26","slug":"la-funcion-del-suelo-pelvico-en-la-miccion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urolistic.com\/fr\/blog\/2025\/05\/26\/la-funcion-del-suelo-pelvico-en-la-miccion\/","title":{"rendered":"Le r\u00f4le du plancher pelvien dans la miction"},"content":{"rendered":"
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La vessie fonctionne en deux phases : la miction et le repos. On pourrait \u00e9galement les appeler la phase \"on\" (miction) et la phase \"off\" (repos). Pendant la phase de repos, le muscle d\u00e9trusor de la paroi v\u00e9sicale est rel\u00e2ch\u00e9, de sorte que la vessie peut se remplir d'urine sans difficult\u00e9. Parall\u00e8lement, le sphincter interne (situ\u00e9 dans le col de la vessie) et le sphincter externe (qui fait partie du plancher pelvien) sont contract\u00e9s. Il est important de savoir que le fonctionnement du sphincter interne ne d\u00e9pend pas de notre contr\u00f4le volontaire, mais du syst\u00e8me nerveux autonome, et en particulier du syst\u00e8me nerveux sympathique (oppos\u00e9 au parasympathique). On ne peut donc pas simplement demander \u00e0 notre sphincter interne de se contracter plus ou moins. Ce m\u00e9canisme va d\u00e9pendre de certains r\u00e9flexes, et sera affect\u00e9 par certaines pathologies qui touchent le syst\u00e8me nerveux autonome (maladies neurologiques centrales ou spinales, stress) ou qui stimulent la production de plus de cellules musculaires \u00e0 ce niveau, comme dans le cas de l'hypertrophie prostatique. Les hommes pr\u00e9sentant une hypertrophie de la prostate, pathologie tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quente \u00e0 partir de 50-60 ans, ont souvent un sphincter interne \u00e9galement hypertrophique. A la difficult\u00e9 de vider la vessie due \u00e0 l'obstruction provoqu\u00e9e par l'hypertrophie de la prostate au niveau de l'ur\u00e8tre, s'ajoute une hyperactivit\u00e9 de ce muscle. C'est pourquoi le traitement de ce probl\u00e8me n\u00e9cessite souvent l\u2019utilisation de m\u00e9dicaments alpha-bloquants, qui bloquent les r\u00e9cepteurs alpha-adr\u00e9nergiques du col v\u00e9sical, appartenant au syst\u00e8me nerveux sympathique, et d\u00e9tendent le muscle.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mais revenons au plancher pelvien. Contrairement au sphincter interne contr\u00f4l\u00e9 involontairement, cet ensemble de muscles, et en particulier le sphincter externe de la vessie, peut \u00eatre contr\u00f4l\u00e9 volontairement par notre cerveau, par l'interm\u00e9diaire du nerf pudendal. Lorsque nous avons envie d'uriner et que nous ne trouvons pas de toilettes, nous pouvons contracter volontairement ce muscle pour \u00e9viter les fuites d'urine, m\u00eame si notre vessie pousse pour se vider. Il en va de m\u00eame si nous faisons un effort, si nous toussons, si nous rions, etc.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Le sphincter externe ne fonctionne pas en mode \"marche\" et \"arr\u00eat\" comme la vessie, mais a en fait trois positions. Dans des conditions normales, il est en \u00e9tat de l\u00e9g\u00e8re contraction tonique. Cela lui permet d'\u00e9viter les fuites d'urine lorsque la vessie se remplit et que la pression \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur de l'abdomen n'est pas tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9e. Mais si la pression est augment\u00e9e par un effort, le sphincter externe peut se contracter beaucoup plus pour emp\u00eacher l'incontinence \u00e0 ce moment-l\u00e0. En revanche, lorsque nous d\u00e9cidons de vider notre vessie, le sphincter doit se rel\u00e2cher compl\u00e8tement. Il convient \u00e9galement de noter que, bien qu'il s'agisse d'un muscle contr\u00f4l\u00e9 volontairement, son contr\u00f4le devient automatique au cours de l'enfance. Ainsi, lorsque nous allons \u00e9ternuer, nous n'avons pas besoin de penser \"je dois contracter mon sphincter\", mais cet acte s'effectue automatiquement. De m\u00eame, si nous voulons uriner, notre sphincter devrait pouvoir se rel\u00e2cher sans que nous ayons \u00e0 y penser activement. Le probl\u00e8me est que de nombreuses personnes n'acqui\u00e8rent pas correctement ces r\u00e9flexes, ce qui entra\u00eene de nombreux probl\u00e8mes urinaires. Cette condition est connue sous le nom de \"miction non coordonn\u00e9e\" ou \"miction dysfonctionnelle\". Elle ne doit pas \u00eatre confondue avec la dyssynergie (dyssynergie d\u00e9trusor-sphincter), qui est une pathologie d'origine neurologique, o\u00f9 le sphincter externe est constamment contract\u00e9, non pas \u00e0 cause d'un automatisme mal acquis, mais \u00e0 cause d'un probl\u00e8me sous-jacent du syst\u00e8me nerveux (maladie de Parkinson, l\u00e9sion de la moelle \u00e9pini\u00e8re, hernie discale, diab\u00e8te avec neuropathie p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique...). Si le r\u00e9sultat est le m\u00eame, puisque la vessie doit se vider lorsque la \"porte est ferm\u00e9e\", le traitement est tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rent. Je ne vais pas d\u00e9velopper le sujet de la dyssynergie, car il s'agit de pathologies tr\u00e8s complexes qui ne font pas l'objet de cet article. Je me concentrerai sur l'explication des dysfonctions mictionnelles d'origine non neurologique, qui sont tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quentes et constituent l'une des principales causes d'infections urinaires chez l'enfant et l'adulte. Si vous voulez en savoir plus, ne manquez pas le prochain article.<\/p>\n\n

Bibliographie :<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Minardi D, d\u2019Anzeo G, Parri G, Polito M Jr, Piergallina M, et al. The role of uroflowmetry biofeedback and biofeedback training of the pelvic floor muscles in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women with dysfunctional voiding: a randomized controlled prospective study. Urology. 2010 Jun;75(6):1299-304.\u00a0<\/p>\n

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van Geen FJ, van de Wetering EHM, Nieuwhof-Leppink AJ, Klijn AJ, de Kort LMO. Dysfunctional voiding: exploring disease transition from childhood to adulthood. Urology. 2023 Apr 5:S0090-4295(23)00266-2.<\/p>\n

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Haifler M, Stav K. Dysfunctional voiding in adults. Isr Med Assoc J. 2013 May;15(5):247-51.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Minardi D, d\u2019Anzeo G, Parri G, Polito M Jr, Piergallina M, et al. The role of uroflowmetry biofeedback and biofeedback training of the pelvic floor muscles in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women with dysfunctional voiding: a randomized controlled prospective study. Urology. 2010 Jun;75(6):1299-304.\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Lee PJ, Kuo HC. High incidence of lower urinary tract dysfunction in women with recurrent urinary tract infections. Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2020 Jan;12(1):33-40.<\/p>\n

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Haylen BT, Lee J, Husselbee S, Law M, Zhou J. Recurrent urinary tract infections in women with symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Jul;20(7):837-42.\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Lazaros T, Ioannis T, Vasileios S, Christina P, Michael S. The effect of pelvic floor muscle training in women with functional bladder outlet obstruction. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2023 May;307(5):1489-1494.<\/p>\n

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Kao YL, Ou YC, Tsai KJ, Kuo HC. Predictive Factors for a Successful Treatment Outcome in Patients with Different Voiding Dysfunction Subtypes Who Received Urethral Sphincter Botulinum Injection. Toxins (Basel). 2022 Dec 15;14(12):877.\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Jhang JF, Kuo HC. Recent advances in recurrent urinary tract infection from pathogenesis and biomarkers to prevention. Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Jul-Sep;29(3):131-137.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

van Geen FJ, van de Wetering EHM, Nieuwhof-Leppink AJ, Klijn AJ, de Kort LMO. Dysfunctional voiding: exploring disease transition from childhood to adulthood. Urology. 2023 Apr 5:S0090-4295(23)00266-2.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Sinha S. Dysfunctional voiding: A review of the terminology, presentation, evaluation and management in children and adults. Indian J Urol. 2011 Oct;27(4):437-47.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Haifler M, Stav K. Dysfunctional voiding in adults. Isr Med Assoc J. 2013 May;15(5):247-51.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Minardi D, d\u2019Anzeo G, Parri G, Polito M Jr, Piergallina M, et al. The role of uroflowmetry biofeedback and biofeedback training of the pelvic floor muscles in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women with dysfunctional voiding: a randomized controlled prospective study. Urology. 2010 Jun;75(6):1299-304.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lee PJ, Kuo HC. High incidence of lower urinary tract dysfunction in women with recurrent urinary tract infections. Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2020 Jan;12(1):33-40.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Haylen BT, Lee J, Husselbee S, Law M, Zhou J. Recurrent urinary tract infections in women with symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Jul;20(7):837-42.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lazaros T, Ioannis T, Vasileios S, Christina P, Michael S. The effect of pelvic floor muscle training in women with functional bladder outlet obstruction. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2023 May;307(5):1489-1494.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kao YL, Ou YC, Tsai KJ, Kuo HC. Predictive Factors for a Successful Treatment Outcome in Patients with Different Voiding Dysfunction Subtypes Who Received Urethral Sphincter Botulinum Injection. Toxins (Basel). 2022 Dec 15;14(12):877.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Jhang JF, Kuo HC. Recent advances in recurrent urinary tract infection from pathogenesis and biomarkers to prevention. Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Jul-Sep;29(3):131-137.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

van Geen FJ, van de Wetering EHM, Nieuwhof-Leppink AJ, Klijn AJ, de Kort LMO. Dysfunctional voiding: exploring disease transition from childhood to adulthood. Urology. 2023 Apr 5:S0090-4295(23)00266-2.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Sinha S. Dysfunctional voiding: A review of the terminology, presentation, evaluation and management in children and adults. Indian J Urol. 2011 Oct;27(4):437-47.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Haifler M, Stav K. Dysfunctional voiding in adults. Isr Med Assoc J. 2013 May;15(5):247-51.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Minardi D, d\u2019Anzeo G, Parri G, Polito M Jr, Piergallina M, et al. The role of uroflowmetry biofeedback and biofeedback training of the pelvic floor muscles in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women with dysfunctional voiding: a randomized controlled prospective study. Urology. 2010 Jun;75(6):1299-304.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lee PJ, Kuo HC. High incidence of lower urinary tract dysfunction in women with recurrent urinary tract infections. Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2020 Jan;12(1):33-40.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Haylen BT, Lee J, Husselbee S, Law M, Zhou J. Recurrent urinary tract infections in women with symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Jul;20(7):837-42.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lazaros T, Ioannis T, Vasileios S, Christina P, Michael S. The effect of pelvic floor muscle training in women with functional bladder outlet obstruction. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2023 May;307(5):1489-1494.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kao YL, Ou YC, Tsai KJ, Kuo HC. Predictive Factors for a Successful Treatment Outcome in Patients with Different Voiding Dysfunction Subtypes Who Received Urethral Sphincter Botulinum Injection. Toxins (Basel). 2022 Dec 15;14(12):877.\u00a0 Jhang JF, Kuo HC. Recent advances in recurrent urinary tract infection from pathogenesis and biomarkers to prevention. Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Jul-Sep;29(3):131-137.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La vessie fonctionne en deux phases : la miction et le repos. On pourrait \u00e9galement les appeler la phase \"on\" (miction) et la phase \"off\" (repos). Pendant la phase \"off\", le muscle d\u00e9trusor [...]<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1514,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-estilo-de-vida"],"yoast_head":"\nLa funci\u00f3n del suelo p\u00e9lvico en la micci\u00f3n | Urolistic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Redescubre el bienestar con Urolistic, el proyecto de la Dra. Teresa Pastor, un concepto \u00fanico que combina medicina integrativa, nutrici\u00f3n, terapias naturales y estilo de vida saludable para abordar y prevenir problemas urinarios.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/urolistic.com\/fr\/blog\/2025\/05\/26\/la-funcion-del-suelo-pelvico-en-la-miccion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"| Urolistic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Redescubre el bienestar con Urolistic, el proyecto de la Dra. 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